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目的:探讨白内障术后感染性眼内炎病原菌特点、耐药性及影响因素。方法:选择武警浙江省总队医院2015年9月至2019年9月行超声乳化白内障吸除术患者800例，按照是否发生术后感染性眼内炎分为感染组13例与未感染组787例。术后感染性眼内炎患者行前房和/或玻璃体穿刺，无菌采集标本分离鉴定病原菌，采用纸片扩散法检测耐药情况。采用多因素logistic回归分析影响术后感染性眼内炎危险因素。结果:术后感染性眼内炎13例中，分离病原菌14株，以革兰阳性菌为主，占85.71%(12/13)。主要病原菌表皮葡萄球菌对红霉素耐药率较高，占57.14%。经单因素分析显示，两组性别、BMI、合并高血压、手术切口和住院时间差异均无统计学意义(均n P>0.05)；年龄>60岁感染率(3.11%)高于年龄≤60岁(0.45%)，合并糖尿病感染率(6.15%)高于无合并糖尿病(1.22%)，手术时间>20 min感染率(6.98%)高于手术时间≤20 min(0.98%)，玻璃体溢出感染率(7.55%)高于无玻璃体溢出(1.20%)，差异均有统计学意义(χn 2＝8.728、6.256、13.717、8.801，均n P60岁、合并糖尿病、手术时间>20 min和玻璃体溢出为影响术后感染性眼内炎危险因素。n 结论:白内障术后感染性眼内炎患者病原菌以革兰阳性菌为主，且受多因素影响，为降低感染性眼内炎发生，需采取针对性预防措施。“,”Objective:To investigate the characteristics, drug resistance and influencing factors of pathogenic bacteria in patients with infective endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.Methods:From September 2015 to September 2019, 800 patients with phacoemulsification and cataract extraction were selected from Zhejiang Provincial General Hospital of the Armed Police.According to whether there was postoperative infectious endophthalmitis, they were divided into infection group(13 cases) and non infection group(787 cases). After operation, patients with infective endophthalmitis underwent anterior chamber and/or vitreous puncture, aseptic samples were collected to isolate and identify the pathogenic bacteria, and the drug resistance was detected by paper diffusion method.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative infectious endophthalmitis.Results:In 13 cases of postoperative infective endophthalmitis, 14 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated.The resistance rate of Staphylococcus epidermidis to erythromycin was 57.14%.Single factor analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in gender, BMI, hypertension, surgical incision and length of stay(all n P>0.05). The infection rate of patients over 60 years old(3.11%) was higher than that of patients under 60 years old(0.45%), the infection rate of patients with diabetes mellitus(6.15%) was higher than that of patients without diabetes mellitus(1.22%), the infection rate of patients with operation time over 20 min (6.98%) was higher than that of patients with operation time under 20 min (0.98%). The infection rate of vitreous overflow(7.55%) was higher than that without vitreous overflow(1.20%). The differences were statistically significant(χn 2=8.728, 6.256, 13.717, 8.801, all n P60 years old, diabetes mellitus, operation time>20 min and vitreous overflow were the risk factors of postoperative infectious endophthalmitis.n Conclusion:In order to reduce the incidence of infectious endophthalmitis, it is necessary to take preventive measures.