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【目的】探讨开颅血肿清除联合脑室外引流治疗高血压脑出血破入脑室的临床疗效。【方法】回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年5月本院收治的100例高血压脑出血破入脑室患者的临床资料，根据手术方法的不同将其分为观察组（行开颅血肿清除联合脑室外引流手术治疗）和对照组（行单纯脑室外引流手术治疗），每组各50例。比较两组患者手术前后不同时间点的格拉斯哥昏迷评分（GCS）、颅内压（ICP）水平。并比较手术前、手术后2周两组患者血清氨基末端脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）、高迁移率族蛋白1（HMGB-1）水平，应用改良Rankin量表问卷（MRS）评估两组预后情况并记录两组患者手术并发症发生情况。【结果】术后3 d、7 d，观察组患者GCS评分高于对照组，ICP水平低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P0.05). The GCS scores of the observation group at 3 days and 7 days after surgery were higher than those of the control group, while the ICP values of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P0.05). At 2 weeks after surgery, the levels of NT-proBNP and HMGB1 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). At 3 months after operation, the prognosis rate of the observation group was 58.00% (29/50), which was higher than that of group B (38.00%, 19/50). The difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.006, P=0.0450.05). 【Conclusion】In patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage breaking into the ventricle, the effect of treatment with craniotomy hematoma evacuation combined with extraventricular drainage is superior to the treatment with extraventricular drainage alone. It is beneficial to the recovery of blood-brain barrier and the prognosis of patients.