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在地震活动区的大地测量,提供了有关在脆性地壳中应力积累和释放机制的证据,并确定了岩石圈和软流圈的流变特征。许多研究表明,伴随地震发生的动力和静力地表位移,可以解释为埋于理想弹性介质中的断层的突然不连续运动。但是,在多地震地区还观测到较慢的无震区域变形,尚未被充分了解。这样的变形过程,最终一定依赖于地球上层的长期非弹性特征,而且所有这些特性并不都是一致的。
Geodetic measurements in seismic zones provide evidence of stress accumulation and release mechanisms in the brittle crust and determine the rheological characteristics of the lithosphere and asthenosphere. Numerous studies have shown that the dynamic and static surface displacements associated with earthquakes can be explained by the sudden discontinuous movement of faults buried in an ideal elastic medium. However, the slow deformation of non-seismic areas is also observed in many earthquakes and has not yet been fully understood. Such a deformation process must ultimately depend on the long-term, inelastic characteristics of the upper layers of the earth, and not all of these characteristics are consistent.