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《生态环境损害赔偿制度改革试点方案》中,生态环境损害赔偿义务人责任的确定和承担的具体内容仍有很多值得探讨的地方。本文旨在厘清《方案》与传统民事环境侵权的关系,并以此探讨生态环境损害赔偿制度在现实中的意义和发展。侵权责任构成要件依据我国《侵权责任法》,环境侵权责任构成的要件有:污染环境行为、损害结果和两者之间的因果关系。依据《方案》,在确认生态环境损害赔偿责任是否构成时,需要区别其与民事环境侵权责任的不同。
In the Pilot Program for the Reform of the Compensation System for Ecological and Environmental Damage, there are still many areas worth exploring for determining and undertaking specific responsibilities for the obligors for environmental damage compensation. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between “program” and traditional civil environmental infringement, and to explore the significance and development of the ecological damage compensation system in reality. Constitutive elements of tort liability According to China’s Tort Liability Act, the elements of environmental tort liability are: pollution of the environment, damage results and the causal relationship between the two. According to the “Program”, when it comes to confirming whether the liability for damages of ecological environment is constituted, it is necessary to distinguish it from the responsibility of infringement in civil environment.