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以‘中农26’黄瓜为试材,研究亚适宜温光(18℃/10℃,180±20μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))下不同硝铵比(26∶2、21∶7和14∶14)营养液对黄瓜幼苗生长和生理特性的影响.结果表明:硝铵比为21∶7处理的黄瓜总根长最长、根体积和根表面积最大、根尖数最多;根中H+-ATPase活性最高;硝态氮转运蛋白(NRT)和铵转运蛋白(AMT)基因表达量也升高,提高了根系的氮吸收能力;叶中硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)和谷氨酸合酶(GOGAT)活性较高,提高了体内氮代谢能力,使黄瓜氮含量和干物质积累显著增加.亚适宜温光下,营养液中硝铵比为21∶7时,黄瓜幼苗干质量分别比26∶2和14∶14处理增加14.0%和19.3%.亚适宜温光下,可通过调整营养液中硝铵比,提高黄瓜氮吸收与代谢能力,缓解亚适宜温光对黄瓜幼苗的不利影响,促进黄瓜生长.
The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different ammonium ratios (26: 2, 18: 1, 180 ± 20μmol · m -2 · s -1) 21:7 and 14:14) on the growth and physiological characteristics of cucumber seedlings.The results showed that cucumber with the ammonium nitrate ratio of 21: 7 had the highest total root length, the largest root volume and root surface area, and the largest number of root tips ; The highest H + -ATPase activity in the roots; the increased expression of nitrate nitrogen transporter (NRT) and ammonium transporter (AMT) genes increased the nitrogen uptake capacity of the roots; nitrate reductase (NR) The activities of amylase synthase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) were higher, which improved the ability of nitrogen metabolism in cucumber and significantly increased the nitrogen content and dry matter accumulation of cucumber.Under appropriate temperature and light conditions, the ratio of ammonium to ammonium in the nutrient solution was At 21: 7, the dry weight of cucumber seedlings increased by 14.0% and 19.3% compared with 26: 2 and 14:14, respectively.Under appropriate temperature and light conditions, the nitrogen absorption and metabolism capacity of cucumber could be increased by adjusting the ratio of ammonium to ammonium in nutrient solution, Relieve the adverse effects of suboptimal temperature and light on cucumber seedlings and promote the growth of cucumber.