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目的明确15 d模拟失重对女性运动心肺功能的影响,同时考核自行车功量计锻炼+下体负压的综合防护效果。方法 22名青年女性健康志愿者,随机分为对照组(CON,n=8)、下体负压组(LBNP,n=7)和自行车功量计+下体负压组(ERGO+LBNP,n=7)。对照组仅进行15 d-6°头低位卧床;LBNP组在第6,8,10天各进行1次下体负压基础锻炼,负压-10～-40 mmHg,总持续时间20 min;在第12,13天各进行1次下体负压强化锻炼,负压-20～-40 mmHg,总持续时间55 min。ERGO+LBNP在15d卧床期间进行每2 d休息1 d的卧位自行车功量计锻炼,每次30 min,锻炼强度40%～80%最大耗氧量(VO2max),其下体负压锻炼制度同LBNP组。在卧床实验前后分别对上述3组进行运动心肺功能、运动心电和血压测量。结果卧床后与卧床前相比,对照组和LBNP组的最大耗氧量、最大相对耗氧量、代谢当量、氧脉搏、最大功率、持续时间均有显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。ERGO+LBNP组除了最大功率和持续时间有降低(P<0.05)外,VO2max等其它参数均无明显变化。结论 15 d头低位卧床可导致女性运动心肺功能明显下降,中等强度自行车功量计锻炼+下体负压的综合防护基本能够维持其有氧运动能力,下体负压对其运动心肺功能下降没有防护作用。
Objective To determine the effect of 15-day simulated weightlessness on cardiopulmonary function of female athletes and to evaluate the comprehensive protective effect of bicycle weight scale exercise and lower body negative pressure. Methods 22 healthy volunteers were randomly divided into control group (CON, n = 8), lower body negative pressure group (LBNP, n = 7) and bicycle power meter + lower body negative pressure group (ERGO + LBNP, n = 7). The control group only stayed in the bed with 15 d-6 ° head-down. The LBNP group performed one lower body negative-pressure basic exercise on the 6th, 8th and 10th days with the negative pressure of -10 ~ -40 mmHg for a total duration of 20 minutes. On the 12th and 13th days, the lower body negative pressure intensified exercise was carried out, the negative pressure was -20 ~ -40 mmHg, the total duration was 55 minutes. ERGO + LBNP during the 15d-day bed rest every 2 days for 1 d lying bike power meter exercise, each 30 min, exercise intensity of 40% to 80% of the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), the lower body negative pressure exercise system with LBNP group. Cardiopulmonary function, exercise ECG and blood pressure were measured before and after the bed test in the above three groups respectively. Results Compared with those before bed rest, the maximum oxygen consumption, the maximum relative oxygen consumption, the metabolic equivalent, the oxygen pulse, the maximum power and the duration of the control group and the LBNP group were significantly decreased (P <0.05 or P <0.01) . In addition to the decrease of maximum power and duration of ERGO + LBNP group (P <0.05), other parameters such as VO2max did not change significantly. CONCLUSION: The 15-bed low lying bed can lead to a significant decrease of cardiopulmonary function in women. The comprehensive protection of middle-class bicycle dynamometer and lower body negative pressure can basically maintain its aerobic capacity. The negative pressure of lower body has no protective effect on the decline of cardiopulmonary function .