论文部分内容阅读
合成生物学技术和产品因其广阔的应用前景和难以预知的生态风险,受到各国的广泛关注。2014年10月在韩国平昌召开的《生物多样性公约》第十二次缔约方大会上,合成生物学首次被作为正式议题进行讨论。本文梳理了《生物多样性公约》框架下合成生物学从提出到成为“新的与正在出现的议题”的过程,分析了《生物多样性公约》在该议题上对缔约国的最新要求,以及我国合成生物学技术发展和风险评估现状。当前我国合成生物学研究处于起步阶段,近年来的科研投入不断增大,但距离成熟的商业化仍有相当距离。我国对相关技术风险评估能力欠缺,且尚未明确负责其生物安全管理的主管部门。本文提出了以严控风险、适度鼓励研究开发和要求发达国家提供更多技术支持的谈判对策,以及明确合成生物学安全风险管理的政府主管部门、通过技术开发以推动风险评估、构建国家合成生物学数据库和建立专业风险评估团队等履约建议。
Synthetic biology technology and products are widely concerned in various countries because of their broad application prospect and unpredictable ecological risk. Synthetic biology was first discussed as an official topic at the Twelfth Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity held in Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea, in October 2014. This paper reviews the process of synthetic biology from proposing to becoming a “new and emerging issue” under the framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity and analyzes the latest requirements of the Convention on Biological Diversity for the State party on this issue, As well as the status quo of the development and risk assessment of synthetic biology in China. At present, the research on synthetic biology in our country is in its infancy, and the investment in scientific research in recent years has been continuously increasing. However, there is still a long way to go before the commercialization of mature population. Our country lacks the ability to assess relevant technical risks and has not yet clearly identified the competent department responsible for its biosafety management. In this paper, we put forward the negotiation countermeasures to strictly control risks, encourage R & D and require developed countries to provide more technical support, as well as the government departments that clearly define biological safety risk management. Through technology development to promote risk assessment and build national synthetic biology Learn databases and build professional risk assessment teams and other compliance recommendations.