众所周知,急性缺血性卒中发病率高、致残率高,病生理过程复杂,伴有神经细胞氧化应激、缺血再灌注损伤、炎症反应、血流改变、血脑屏障的破坏、细胞凋亡、钙稳态的破坏等一系列变化,最终导致神经细胞和突触的变化;近年的研究发现,中枢神经系统存在大量微小RNA(miRNA),小分子、短序列、非编码miRNA分子显示重要的基因表达的转录调节,并参与这一病理生理过程。本文描述了微小RNA与缺血性脑卒中危险因素的关系,在缺血性卒中发生以及缺血性卒中后神经保护、生物再生中的作用,并对其应用于缺血性卒中的治疗前景及缺陷给予了阐述。 It is well-known that the incidence of acute ischemic stroke is high, the morbidity is high, the pathophysiology is complicated, accompanied by oxidative stress of nerve cells, ischemia-reperfusion injury, inflammatory reaction, blood flow changes, the destruction of the blood-brain barrier, Recent studies have found that a large number of microRNAs (miRNAs), small molecules, short sequences and non-coding miRNA molecules in the central nervous system are found to be important The transcriptional regulation of gene expression is involved in this pathophysiological process. This article describes the relationship between microRNAs and risk factors for ischemic stroke, the role of microRNAs in the development of ischemic stroke and post-ischemic neuroprotection and bioregeneration, and its therapeutic prospects for ischemic stroke. Defects have been elaborated.