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目的了解三峡库区开县是否存在鼠疫疫源地及主要宿主动物和媒介蚤类的种群构成及数量分布情况。方法采用笼夜法捕鼠,对捕获鼠类及检获蚤类进行鉴定;计算鼠带蚤率和蚤指数;用鼠疫IHA法检测鼠疫F1抗体。结果共捕获鼠形动物193只,总鼠密度为3.56%,黄胸鼠总密度为2.63%。啮齿目动物161只,分1科3属6种;食虫目动物32只,为1科1属1种。检获蚤107匹,鼠染蚤率为18.65%,总蚤指数为0.565,其中黄胸鼠染蚤率为18.88%,蚤指数为0.566。鼠体表蚤经鉴定分3科3属3种,缓慢细蚤(96.33%)占绝对优势,主要来自黄胸鼠,印鼠客蚤占2.75%。采集193份鼠血清和20份犬血清检测鼠疫F1抗体,结果全部阴性。共布放3000张粘蚤纸,捕获地面蚤6匹,蚤指数0.002。结论三峡库区开县尚未发现动物间鼠疫疫情,但啮齿类动物和媒介蚤类种群和分布广泛,存在鼠疫疫源地的条件。
Objective To understand the population composition and distribution of plague foci and main host animals and fleas in Kaixian County in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Methods The rat was captured by cage-night method and the captured flies and fleas were identified. The flea flea rate and flea index were calculated. The F1 antibody against plague was detected by the plague IHA method. Results A total of 193 mouse-shaped animals were captured, with a total rat density of 3.56% and a total rat density of 2.63%. 161 rodents, divided into 1 families and 3 genera and 6 species; 32 insectivorous animals, 1 species and 1 genus. 107 fleas were seized, the rate of flea infection was 18.65%, the total flea index was 0.565, of which the rate of flea infection was 18.88% and the flea index was 0.566. Flea fleece was identified in 3 families and 3 genera and 3 species, slow flea (96.33%) accounted for the absolute predominance, mainly from Rattus flavipectus, Indian rat flea accounted for 2.75%. A total of 193 mouse serum and 20 dog serum were collected to test the F1 antibody against plague, and the result was negative. Coated a total of 3000 sticky flea paper, ground flea 6, flea index 0.002. Conclusion There was no plague outbreak in Kai County in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. However, the rodents and vector fleas populations were widely distributed and plague prevalence was found.