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战后形成的以东西方对抗为特点的国际旧格局正在发生急剧变化,美苏之间在政治、意识形态和军事上的争夺开始让位于以美国、日本和欧共体为主的三大经济力量的竞争。围绕着这三大经济中心组成的经济集团也已成为可以预见的事实。90年代,世界经济将朝着更加开放、更加区域化、集团化的方向发展。在此情况下,包括拉美国家在内的第三世界国家如何重新调整自己的内外政策,以适应急剧变革的世界潮流,这是人们十分关注的问题。越来越多的拉美人士认识到,拉美国家不能再指望别人的援助,必须从本地区内部寻找出路。拉美经委会前执行秘书、现任美洲开发银行行长伊格莱西亚斯也强调指出,“拉美应在自我援助上做出更大的努力”。严峻的形势使拉美国家相信,“实现经济一体化是解决拉美地区结构性问题的中心因素”。
The old international pattern featuring the East-West confrontation formed after the war is undergoing dramatic changes. The political, ideological and military scrambles between the United States and the Soviet Union have begun to give way to the three big ones that mainly include the United States, Japan and the European Community Competition for economic power. The economic bloc that surrounds these three major economic centers has also become a predictable fact. In the 1990s, the world economy will move toward a more open, more regional and collectivized direction. Under such circumstances, it is a matter of great concern for the Third World countries, including Latin American countries, to readjust their internal and external policies so as to adapt to the world trend of rapid change. More and more Latin Americans have realized that Latin American countries can no longer count on others’ aid and must find a way out from within their own region. Iglesias, former executive secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the former president of the Inter-American Development Bank, also underlined that “Latin America should make greater efforts in self-help.” The grim situation has convinced Latin American countries that “achieving economic integration is the central factor in resolving the structural problems in Latin America.”