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目的观察重度疫区成年女性血吸虫病健康教育长期效果。方法应用队列研究方法,调查重度疫区目标人群血防知识和价值观、接触疫水行为和血吸虫感染率,并采用“血防价值观教育+防护技能培训”健康教育模式干预。结果干预后实验组血防知识及格率和血防价值观正确率分别由干预前的55.34%和67.96%提高到84.85%和95.96%;疫水接触率由干预前的9.47%下降到1994年的5.07%,1995、1997年分别为4.94%、5.48%;血吸虫感染率由干预前的19.42%下降到1994年的7.14%;1995、1997、1999、2001、2003、2005年感染率分别为7.69%、6.38%、6.93%、8.10%、5.05%、6.54%。结论应用“血防价值观教育+防护技能培训”健康教育模式对成年女性干预,短期和长期效果均较显著。
Objective To observe the long-term effect of health education on adult female schistosomiasis in severe epidemic area. Methods Using the method of cohort study, we investigated the knowledge and values of blood-borne disease, contact with water and the infection rate of schistosomiasis among the target population in severe epidemic-affected areas, and adopted the intervention of health education mode of “education of values of blood-borne value education and protection skills”. Results After intervention, the prevalence rate of knowledge of blood-borne disease and the correctness of blood value of prevention and treatment were increased from 55.34% and 67.96% before intervention to 84.85% and 95.96%, respectively. The contact frequency of infectious water decreased from 9.47% before intervention to 5.07% The infection rates of schistosomiasis dropped from 19.42% before intervention to 7.14% in 1994 and 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003 and 2005, respectively, they were 7.69% and 6.38% , 6.93%, 8.10%, 5.05%, 6.54%. Conclusion The application of “prevention and treatment of blood value education + protective skills training” health education model for adult female intervention, short-term and long-term effects are more significant.