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目的：建立一种准确、快捷的Ｐ５３基因突变检测方法，为研究恶性肿瘤与抗癌基因Ｐ５３突变的相关性提供新的手段。方法：通过出芽酵母基因工程技术判断在酵母中Ｐ５３蛋白机能状态，以诊断Ｐ５３基因突变。结果：Ｐ５３机能诊断法检测结果经序列分析法验证完全准确。１４２株各种人体肿瘤培养细胞Ｐ５３存在状态，突变型占７１％（１０１／１４２）、野生型占２７％（３８／１４２）、混合型占２％（３／１４２）。并证明非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤Ｐ５３存在状态与其化疗敏感性、生存期无明显相关性。结论：Ｐ５３机能诊断法可用作筛选大量的肿瘤培养细胞和临床肿瘤病理标本的Ｐ５３基因突变。方法简捷、诊断准确，是Ｐ５３存在状态较为理想的诊断方法之一。
Objective: To establish an accurate and rapid detection method of P53 gene mutation, which will provide a new method for the study of the correlation between malignant tumor and anti-oncogene P53 mutation. Methods: To determine the function of P53 protein in yeast by budding yeast gene engineering technique to diagnose the mutation of P53 gene. RESULTS: The results of the P53 functional diagnostic test were completely verified by the sequence analysis method. 142 strains of human tumor cell culture P53 were present, with 71% (101/142) mutants, 27% (38/142) wild type, and 2% (3/142) mixed types. And proved that non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma P53 presence and its chemotherapy sensitivity, survival, no significant correlation. Conclusion: The P53 function diagnostic method can be used to screen a large number of tumor culture cells and clinical tumor pathology specimens of P53 gene mutations. The method is simple and accurate, and it is one of the ideal diagnostic methods for the existence of P53.