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“异端”社会主义者是苏东国家内的一个重要群体。他们对苏东官僚集团的批判对我们认识苏联模式的社会主义有着特殊意义。“异端”社会主义者的论说大体有两类:特权阶层论和新阶级论。他们的思想也有共通之处,即都是在马克思主义的语境下思考苏东国家的官僚化问题,都视高度集中而缺乏制约的权力为官僚化现象产生的根源,也都认为苏东国家在消除官僚化现象后应该走民主的社会主义道路。
“Heresy ” Socialists are an important group in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. Their criticism of the Soviet-Eastist bureaucratic group is of special significance for us to understand the Soviet model of socialism. There are basically two types of theories about the heresy socialists: privileged class theory and new class theory. Their thinking also has something in common, that is, they all think about the bureaucratic problems of the Soviet Union and the East in the context of Marxism, and regard the highly concentrated and unbridled power as the root cause of the bureaucratization. All think that the Soviet Union and the East In the elimination of the phenomenon of bureaucracy should follow the democratic road to socialism.