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显微外科通过手术显微镜的应用,使外科手术从宏观进入了微观世界,为发展和提高外科医疗技术开辟了一个新的途径。自1960年Jacobson和Suarez发表小血管(1.6—3.2毫米)吻合术以来,显微外科的设备和技术操作迅速地得到了改进和发展。并已广泛应用于外科临床各专业。目前,微血管吻合技术已能吻合直径为0.3毫米的血管。从而使显微外科技术应用于骨移植。通过移植骨和受植床血管的互相吻合,保证了骨瓣的正常血循环,使移植骨保持活力。目前,国内、外已有不少成功地进行带血管游离骨移植的实验和临床应用的报道。包括带血管的肋骨、腓骨和髂骨等游离骨移植均有报道,其中以肋骨为常用的材料。本文就近年来国外有关这一方面的进展情况作一介绍。
Microsurgery through the use of surgical microscope, the surgery from the macro into the micro-world, opened up a new way for the development and improvement of surgical technology. Since the publication of a small vessel (1.6-3.2 mm) anastomosis by Jacobson and Suarez in 1960, the operation and equipment of microsurgery have been rapidly improved and developed. And has been widely used in surgical clinical professional. At present, microvascular anastomosis technology has been able to match the diameter of 0.3 mm blood vessels. So that microsurgical techniques used in bone transplantation. Through the graft bone and the implanted vessel vascular anastomosis, to ensure the normal blood circulation of the bone flap, the graft bone to maintain vitality. At present, many experiments and clinical applications of vascular free bone transplantation have been reported successfully at home and abroad. Free bone graft including vascular rib, fibula and ilium have been reported, of which ribs are commonly used materials. This article gives an introduction on the progress made in this area abroad in recent years.