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通过大田试验研究了不同的钾肥基肥与追肥施用比例和施用量对豫西烤烟农艺性状、主要化学成分及产值的影响。结果表明,随着钾肥施用量和追施比例的增加,烟株的株高、最大叶长宽及茎围逐渐改善,其中钾肥基肥与追肥施用比例为50∶50时可明显改善烟株的农艺学性状。增施钾肥可显著提高烟叶中的钾素含量,提高上部叶致香物质含量及烤烟产量、产值,降低烟叶烟碱含量。钾肥追施比例增加也可显著提高中上部烟叶中钾素含量,且有利于在中低钾水平上提高烟叶的产值及高钾水平上的中上等烟比例,对中性致香物质含量及其它常规化学成分和矿质元素含量有一定的影响。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different potash-based and top dressing application rates and application rates on agronomic characters, main chemical compositions and output value of flue-cured tobacco in western Henan. The results showed that the plant height, the maximum leaf length, width and stem circumference of the tobacco plants improved gradually with the increase of potassium application rate and topdressing rate. Agronomic characteristics of tobacco plants were significantly improved when the ratio of potassium to basal fertilizer was 50:50 . Increasing potassium fertilizer could significantly increase the content of potassium in tobacco leaves, increase the content of aroma components in the upper leaves and yield and output value of tobacco, and reduce the nicotine content in tobacco leaves. Increasing the proportion of topdressing potash can also significantly increase the content of potassium in middle and upper leaves, and it is also beneficial to increase the output value of tobacco leaves and the middle and upper proportion of tobacco at high potassium level at low and medium potassium levels. Other conventional chemical composition and mineral elements have a certain impact.