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线粒体内存在甲状腺激素受体(mt-TR),包括P28及P43,甲状腺激素通过mt-TR对线粒体具有直接调节作用。P28存在于线粒体内膜上,在甲状腺激素作用下,可直接激活线粒体的有氧呼吸。P43存在于线粒体基质中,线粒体过氧化物酶体增殖体激活受体和线粒体维甲酸X受体作为辅助蛋白可分别与P43形成异二聚体,与线粒体三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)反应元件(mt-TRE)结合,参与甲状腺激素对线粒体的基因转录和线粒体生成等的调节。
Thyroid hormone receptors (mt-TRs) are present in the mitochondria, including P28 and P43, and thyroid hormones have a direct regulatory effect on mitochondria via mt-TR. P28 exists in the mitochondrial inner membrane, in the role of thyroid hormone, can directly activate mitochondrial aerobic respiration. P43 is present in the mitochondrial matrix, the mitochondrial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and the mitochondrial retinoid X receptor as accessory proteins can form heterodimers with P43, respectively, and mitochondrial triiodothyronine (T3) Response element (mt-TRE) binding, involved in thyroid hormone on mitochondrial gene transcription and mitochondrial formation and so on.