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大众文化的兴起是人类文化发展史的重大变革,意味着大众文化成为现代社会的主要文化形态。斯图亚特·霍尔认为,高速发展的工业化为大众文化的兴起提供了技术支撑,大众文化的兴起正是根植于当代资本主义的生产方式的变革。和法兰克福学派不同,霍尔辩证地看待技术在大众文化变革中发挥的作用,将大众文化放置于更为宏大的统治与抵抗的关系之中,看到了大众文化内含着既可以颠覆也可以生产主导意识形态的双重本质,因而技术的作用也具有双向性。一方面,技术理性逐渐成为资本主义意识形态实现文化控制的重要手段,另一方面,大众文化在消费时代也同时获得了技术所给予的多样化抵抗资源,因此从大众文化的本质和人的解放的角度看,在技术全球化背景下大众文化面临的同质化趋势需要一个多元宽容的未来。
The rise of mass culture is a major change in the history of the development of human culture, which means that mass culture has become the main cultural form of modern society. Stuart Hall believes that the rapid industrial development has provided technical support for the rise of mass culture, and the rise of popular culture is exactly the transformation that is rooted in the mode of production of contemporary capitalism. Unlike the Frankfurt School, Hall argued dialectically about the role technology plays in the mass culture change, placing mass culture in the more grandiose relationship between domination and resistance, seeing that popular culture embodies both subversive and productive The dual essence of dominant ideology, and thus the role of technology is also a two-way. On the one hand, technical rationality has gradually become an important means of cultural control in capitalist ideology. On the other hand, mass culture has also acquired diversified resistance resources given by technology in the consumer age. Therefore, from the essence of mass culture and human liberation , The homogenization trend that mass culture faces in the context of technological globalization requires a pluralistic and tolerant future.