一、前言 钨具有高熔点、低热膨胀系数和低蒸气压,是高温能源设备领域,如核聚变反应堆分流器、加速器的束流收集器和磁硫体(MHD)发电机电极有用的材料。此外,钨还可望作为融化活性金属(如镧系和锕系元素)的坩埚材料,因钨对这些金属的饱和溶解度低[1]。 然而,烧结钨的晶界有择优为融化金属 I. INTRODUCTION Tungsten has high melting point, low coefficient of thermal expansion and low vapor pressure and is a useful material in the field of high temperature energy equipment such as nuclear fusion reactor shunts, accelerator beam harvesters, and magnetic-sulfur (MHD) generator electrodes. In addition, tungsten is also expected as a crucible material for melting active metals such as lanthanides and actinides due to the low saturation solubility of tungsten for these metals [1]. However, the grain boundaries of sintered tungsten are preferentially molten metals