We report the dark blue nonlinear Cerenkov radiation by the second harmonic generation (SHG) in a two-layer-stacked hexagonal periodically-poled-MgO: LiNbO3s (PPMgOLNs). Based on the direct wafer bonding of two target PPMgOLNs rotating around the axis per
Ball lightning is widely concerning because it is hard to detect, predict, and reproduce. The dependences of electromagnetic (EM) solitons, which are considered expectant ball lightning, forming at the wavelength of the incident light are investigated wit
The incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is rising worldwide. The major carcinogenic factor for most skin cancers is solar ultraviolet light, in particular, the chronic exposure to UVB (280–320 nm). In this study, the optical characteristics of skin cance
A high-effective bottom anode is essential for high-performance top-emitting organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). In this paper, Ag-based top-emitting OLEDs are investigated. Ag has the highest reflectivity for visible light among all metals, yet its h
This paper develops a variational model for image noise removal using total curvature (TC), which is a high-order regularizer. The TC has the advantage of preserving image feature. Unfortunately, it also has the characteristics of nonlinear, non-convex an