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成立于1920年的法国共产党曾经是法国第一大党,并曾与法国社会党联合执政,但是自20世纪80年代初起,其力量和影响开始下降。法共对自身兴衰沉浮的原因进行了深入思考,认为除了自身战略和策略上的失误外,最重要的问题在于党的理论政策调整滞后以及机构方面存在弊端。1994年法共二十八大修改党章,正式放弃民主集中制,对党的全国领导机构进行改革。2001年法共三十一大再次修改党章,继续对党的全国性领导机构进行改革,实行由党的主席与全国书记共同负责的双重领导制。但是,这些机构改革的结果却与“变革派”预期的目标相反,出现了领导权的分散和混乱、党内派别斗争加剧以及法共全国领导机构与广大基层的矛盾。为了解决机构改革、变革理论与实践等方面的具体问题,2006年3月23—26日,法国共产党第三十三次全国代表大会修改通过了法国共产党新章程。
The French Communist Party, established in 1920, was the largest French party and co-government with the French Socialist Party, but its strength and influence began to decline since the early 1980s. The French Communist Party (CCP) conducted in-depth thinking on the reasons for its ups and downs and ups and downs and thought that the most important issue in addition to its own strategic and tactical mistakes lies in the lagging adjustment of its theoretical and policy policies as well as in its institutional weaknesses. In 1994, the Twenty-eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China amended the party constitution, formally renounced democratic centralism, and carried out reforms on the party’s national leading body. In 2001, the 31st National Congress of the French Communist Party amended the party constitution again, continued to carry out reforms on the party’s national leading body and implemented a dual leadership system under the joint responsibility of the party’s chairman and the national secretary. However, the results of these institutional reforms are contrary to those expected by the “reformists”. There have been divergences and chaos in leadership, intensified factional factions in the party, and contradictions between the leadership organs of the FALPL and the grassroots. In order to solve the specific problems of institutional reform, theory of change and practice, from March 23 to 26, 2006, the 33rd National Congress of the French Communist Party amended and approved the new constitution of the French Communist Party.