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从20世纪80年代末到90年代,针对农民工的大量出现,政府主管部门制定了一系列名为有序引导,实为限制流动的政策,并运用经济、法律、行政等手段对农民工流动进行控制。这种政策范式未能体现城乡二元结构转变的社会意义,不符合市场经济的改革方向和市场化就业运行机制,更严重的是造成农民工恶劣的生存状况和低下的社会地位,这与他们做出的巨大贡献极不相称。随着农民工群体发展壮大,问题的重要性和紧迫性日益显现。此时,国家树立了以人为本、全面协调可持续的科学发展观,把农民工放在解决“三农”问题的框架内看待,积极进行政策调整,出台了一系列新政策。本文通过翔实的材料,对新旧政策进行对比,梳理政策变迁过程,显示出中国农民工政策范式的转变。
From the late 1980s to the 1990s, for the large number of migrant workers, the government department has formulated a series of policies called orderly guidance, which actually restrict the flow of people and applied the economic, legal and administrative measures to migrate migrant workers Control. This policy paradigm fails to reflect the social significance of the transformation of the urban-rural dual structure, does not conform to the direction of the market economy reform and the market-oriented employment operation mechanism, and more seriously causes the poor living conditions and low social status of migrant workers, The enormous contribution made is extremely disproportionate. With the development and growth of migrant workers groups, the importance and urgency of the problems have become increasingly apparent. At this moment, the state has set up a people-oriented and comprehensively coordinated and sustainable scientific concept of development, and regarded migrant workers within the framework of solving the “three rural issues”, actively adjusted its policies and issued a series of new policies. Through detailed materials, this paper compares the old and the new policies and sorts out the process of policy changes, which shows that the paradigm shift of China’s migrant workers policy.