本文综述了近几十年全球碳循环与森林关系方面的研究成果，分析评价了研究进展和存在的问题。森林生态系统作为一个重要的碳库，其生物量中碳储存量为３５９～７４４×１０１５ｇ，森林土壤中碳储量为７８７～２７７５×１０１５ｇ。森林是大气二氧化碳的汇，但如果森林破坏就会变成一个重要的源。随着植被的恢复，森林土壤的碳会逐渐恢复。数学模型是研究碳平衡的重要工具，但现有模型亟待改进与完善，在使用有关参数时应注意标准的统一，否则会产生难以解释的误差 This paper summarizes the research results of the global carbon cycle and the relationship between forests in recent decades, analyzes and evaluates the research progress and existing problems. As an important carbon pool, forest ecosystem contains 359 ~ 744 × 1015g carbon in biomass and 787 ~ 2775 × 1015g carbon in forest soil. Forests are the sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide but can become an important source of damage if forests are destroyed. With the restoration of vegetation, forest soil carbon will gradually recover. Mathematical model is an important tool to study carbon balance, but the existing model needs to be improved and perfected. When using the relevant parameters, we should pay attention to the standard unification. Otherwise, it will have an inexplicable error