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创造性在人类发展中扮演重要角色,而顿悟问题解决则是创造性的关键方面.组块分解是通达创造性顿悟的一种机制.其假设认为组块分解的难度取决于被分解组块的紧密性:紧组块涉及移除无意义的知觉元素,而松组块涉及移除有意义的知觉元素,紧组块分解比松组块分解更难.考虑到组块分解也受其他因素如空间关系的影响,基于元素类型假设的相关研究并没有排除这些因素.本研究在控制了混淆因素后检验组块分解的认知神经机制,特别是在控制了空间关系这一混淆因素后,基于元素类型的组块分解是否能引发P300效应.被试在两种条件下从一个源汉字中移除笔画(紧组块条件)或者汉字(松组块条件)从而得到另外一个汉字.保持两组条件下源汉字中的被移除部件和剩余部件都是上下关系,同时记录这个过程产生的事件相关电位.行为结果显示,紧组块分解比松组块分解耗时更长.脑电结果显示,基于元素类型的组块分解引发了P300效应:紧组块条件比松组块条件引发了更大波幅的P300.研究提示,元素类型是组块分解的困难源之一并且组块分解可能涉及知觉转换过程中的表征更新.
Creativity plays an important role in human development, and insightful problem solving is a key aspect of creativity.Clock decomposition is a mechanism that leads to creative epiphany.It is assumed that the difficulty of decomposition depends on the compactness of the decomposed blocks: Tight chunking involves removing meaningless perceptual elements while loose chunking involves removing meaningful perceptual elements and compact chunk decomposition is more difficult than loose chunk decomposition Considering that chunk decomposition is also affected by other factors such as spatial relationships Influence, the related research based on the element type hypothesis does not exclude these factors.This study tested the cognitive neural mechanism of chunk decomposition after controlling the confounding factors, especially after controlling the confusing factor of spatial relationship, Whether the decomposition of chunks can trigger the P300 effect, the subjects removed the strokes (tight chunk conditions) or Chinese characters (loose chunks conditions) from one source Chinese character to obtain another Chinese character under two conditions. The removed parts and the remaining parts of the Chinese characters are both up and down relationship, while recording the event-related potential generated by this process.The results show that the tight block decomposition than the loose block The EEG results showed that the P300 effect was triggered by the decomposition of the element type based on the element types: the tight block condition triggered a greater amplitude of P300 than the loose block condition.Research indicates that the element type is difficult to disassemble One of the sources and chunk decomposition may involve characterization updates during perceptual transformation.