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为了研究干旱区沙地长期培肥对农田土壤线虫群落结构的影响,通过定位实验设计5种培肥方式,采集分析土壤样品中的线虫群落组成特征。实验中共捕获线虫18 337条,归属22科30属。群落分析结果表明,施用有机肥促进线虫总数中植物寄生线虫(PP)比例的增加,瓦斯乐斯卡指数(WI)在M3处理中最低为0.98±0.22,有机肥增加了土壤线虫群落的物种多样性和营养类群多样性;长期施用化肥能够抑制植物寄生线虫(PP),提高食细菌线虫(BF)和食真菌线虫(FF)在线虫总数中的比例,瓦斯乐斯卡指数(WI)在NPK3处理中最高为2.51±1.12,化学肥料降低了线虫群落的物种多样性和营养类群多样性,辛普森指数(Dom)和营养类群指数(TD)分别在NPK3处理中达到最低值0.13±0.01和2.34±0.07。线虫区系分析结果表明,合理的有机-无机肥配施有利于农田土壤生态系统的稳定健康发展。本研究从土壤生物学角度揭示了不同施肥措施对农田地下土壤生态过程的影响,对于保护干旱区土壤环境和农业的可持续发展具有重要意义。
In order to study the effect of long-term fertilization on the community structure of soil nematode in arid land, five kinds of fertilizing modes were designed by locating experiments to collect and analyze the characteristics of nematode community composition in soil samples. In the experiment, a total of 18 337 nematodes were caught, belonging to 22 families and 30 genera. Community analysis showed that the application of organic manure increased the proportion of plant parasitic nematodes (PP) in the total number of nematodes, and the lowest Wasaliskar index (WI) was M3 + 0.98 ± 0.22. Organic fertilizer increased species diversity of soil nematode community The long-term application of chemical fertilizers can inhibit plant parasitic nematodes (PP), increase the proportion of nematodes (BF) and nematode (FF) in nematodes, and the gas-taxol index (WI) , The highest was 2.51 ± 1.12. Chemical fertilizers reduced species diversity and diversity of nematode community. The Simpson index (Dom) and trophic group index (TD) reached the lowest values of 0.13 ± 0.01 and 2.34 ± 0.07 in NPK3 treatment, respectively . The results of nematode fauna analysis indicated that reasonable combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers is conducive to the stable and healthy development of farmland soil ecosystem. In this study, the impact of different fertilization measures on the soil ecological processes in farmland was revealed from the perspective of soil biology, which is of great significance for the protection of soil environment and the sustainable development of agriculture in arid areas.