目前国内外设计带电粒子光学系统的数值计算方法,一般采用解非线性方程组或者无约束求极值方法。这一方法存在着固有的困难:有时目标函数值过大;有时目标函数值虽不大,可是组成该目标函数中的某一光学特性超过许可范围。本文介绍采用受约最优化方法,即用罚函数法和递减保差法来 At present, the numerical methods for the design of charged particle optics systems in the world are generally based on the solution of nonlinear equations or the unconstrained method of extreme value. This method has inherent difficulties: sometimes the value of the objective function is too large; sometimes the value of the objective function is not large, but one of the optical properties that make up the objective function exceeds the allowable range. This article describes the use of contract optimization methods, that is, using the penalty function method and decreasing the difference method