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作为历史片断的海洋中国反映出以朝贡体系为依托的世界秩序的冗长消亡过程,但是直到1850年代,并没有出现明显的转型期。作为外围地区的海洋中国,是以陆地为中心的外围地区。当中国商人遇到可选择的价值体系时,确实经历了一些改变。但只要陆地的中心地位仍然存在,在这段时期就没有真正的转型期。作为终点的海洋中国到18世纪变得更为开放。在海外中国人的团体中,见多识广的世界主义者网络出现了某些转型的迹象,但他们对祖国的人们影响甚微。在英国强权危及中华帝国的前夕出现的社会转型,已经超出了中国人的控制能力,意识到时为时已晚。综合考虑上述三种海洋中国,中国出现了一些相互交织的复杂观念和措施,但其对中国中央和地方权力结构的各种影响,仍有待研究。而理想中的海洋中国是权力和文明平衡发展的结果,它推动社会的持续发展,减少激进变革的需要。
Ocean China as a Historical Fragment Reflects the Lengthy Process of Extinction of the World Order Relying on the Tributary System, but it did not show any significant transition until the 1850s. Ocean China, as a peripheral area, is a land-centered peripheral area. When Chinese traders encountered an alternative value system, they did experience some changes. However, as long as the centrality of land remains, there will be no real transition period for this period. The Ocean as the Destination China became more open to the eighteenth century. Among the overseas Chinese groups, some of the signs of transformation have been found in the network of well-informed cosmopolitan activists, but their impact on people in the motherland is minimal. The social transformation that took place on the eve of the British imperialists’ endangering the Chinese Empire has gone beyond the control of the Chinese people and it is too late to realize. Considering the above-mentioned three kinds of oceans and seas, China has witnessed some complicated concepts and measures intertwined with each other. However, its various influences on the power structure of the central and local governments in China still need to be studied. The Ideal Ocean China is the result of the balanced development of power and civilization. It promotes the sustainable development of society and reduces the need for radical change.