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为合理利用丛枝菌根(Arbuscular Mycorrhiza,AM)真菌促进喀斯特退化土地植被恢复,采用形态学方法研究了土壤类型(石灰土和黄壤)和宿主植物种类(紫弹树(Celtis biondii Pamp)、红锥(Castanopsis hystrix)和单性木兰(Kmeria septentrionalis Dandy))对AM真菌群落结构的影响。研究共分离鉴定了2属14种AM真菌,其中幼套球囊霉(Glomus etunicatum)是石灰土和黄壤共有的优势种,石灰土特有的AM真菌包括地球囊霉(G.geosporum)、白色球囊霉(G.albidum)、双型球囊霉(G.ambisporum)、象牙白球囊霉(G.eburneum)和细凹无梗囊霉(G.scrobiculata),而波状无梗囊霉(A.undulata)是黄壤特有的AM真菌。土壤类型对AM真菌孢子密度,Shannon多样性指数以及侵染率具有显著影响;宿主植物种类与AM真菌Shannon多样性指数呈显著相关。石灰土紫弹树和单性木兰根际土AM真菌孢子丰度显著高于黄壤相同植物的,而红锥无显著差异;石灰土紫弹树和红锥的AM真菌物种丰富度及Shannon多样性指数均高于黄壤同种植物的。土壤类型对AM真菌孢子密度、物种丰富度、Shannon多样性指数和侵染率均有显著影响,对均匀度指数也有显著影响;植物种类对Shannon多样性指数有显著影响,且AM真菌物种丰富度、Shannon多样性指数和侵染率受土壤类型与植物种类交互作用的显著影响;土壤p H和全钾含量对AM真菌群落影响显著。因此,利用AM真菌促进喀斯特植物定植生长与植被恢复过程中,应该考虑喀斯特土壤AM真菌具有区域特异性和物种偏好性。
In order to make rational use of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza fungi to promote the restoration of vegetation in degraded karst land, the effects of soil types (lime soil and yellow soil) and host plant species (Celtis biondii Pamp, Effects of Castanopsis hystrix and Kmeria septentrionalis Dandy on AM fungal community structure. A total of 14 species of AM fungi belonging to 2 genera were isolated and identified. Glomus etunicatum was the dominant species shared by limestone and yellow soil. The unique AM fungi of lime soil included G. geosporum, G. albidum, G. ambisporum, G. eburneum, and G. scrobiculata, while A. tachyphilis (A .undulata) is an endemic AM fungus of yellow soil. Soil type had a significant effect on AM fungal spore density, Shannon’s diversity index and infection rate. The host plant species was significantly correlated with AM fungi Shannon’s diversity index. The spore abundance of AM fungi in the rhizospheres of limestone and unisexual magnolia was significantly higher than that of the same plants in yellow soil, while the red cone had no significant difference. The species richness and Shannon diversity of AM fungi in lime-green tree and red cone The index is higher than the yellow soil of the same plant. Soil type had a significant effect on the spore density, species richness, Shannon’s diversity index and infection rate of AM fungi, but also had a significant effect on the evenness index; The plant species had a significant effect on the Shannon’s diversity index, and the AM fungi species richness Shannon’s diversity index and infection rate were significantly affected by the interaction between soil types and plant species. Soil p H and total potassium had significant effects on AM fungi community. Therefore, the use of AM fungi to promote the growth of karst plants and vegetation restoration process, we should consider the karst soil AM fungi with regional specificity and species preference.