MicroRNAs(miRNAs)是近年来发现的一类普遍存在于动物和植物体内具有调控功能的非编码小分子RNA。多项研究发现miRNA可以抑制胶质母细胞瘤细胞系的增殖、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、抑制肿瘤细胞的迁移性、下调多种靶基因的表达。检测miRNAs在胶质母细胞瘤中的表达水平变化对肿瘤的诊断、预后及治疗提供了新的方向,本文对miRNAs在胶质母细胞瘤中的应用现状作一详细阐述。 MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recently discovered a class of non-coding small RNAs that have ubiquitous regulatory roles in animals and plants. Several studies have found that miRNA can inhibit the proliferation of glioblastoma cell lines, induce apoptosis of tumor cells, inhibit tumor cell migration and down-regulate the expression of multiple target genes. Detecting the expression changes of miRNAs in glioblastoma provides a new direction for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of tumors. In this paper, the application status of miRNAs in glioblastoma is described in detail.