远在两千多年以前,土家族的先民——古代巴人就在鄂西一带定居了。巴人源于夷水畔的武落钟离山(今湖北长阳县境),西周前大部迁徙入川。后来秦灭巴,巴人中有些又回到湘鄂西一带定居下来,并逐渐融合本地和外地迁入的其他民族,约在宋代形成土家族,自称“毕兹卡”(湖北鹤峰一带也称“贝锦卡”,意为本地土生土长的人)。自元代起,土家族社会长期实行土司制度,直至清雍正十三年(公元1735年)经过“改土归流”,才废除土司制度,隶属于中央集权制政府。此后,取消了“汉不入 As far back as two thousand years ago, the ancient Tujia people settled in western Hubei Province. Pakistani people from the Yi Wu Shui clock off the mountain (now Changyang County in Hubei Province), most of the migration to Sichuan before the Western Zhou Dynasty. Later, some of the Pakistani people were returning to the areas of Hunan, Hubei and Western China to settle down. Some of them gradually merged with other ethnic groups moving in from other places in the region and the rest of the world. They formed the Tujia people in the Song Dynasty and claimed to be “Bi Zika” Called “Beckham card”, meaning local people). Since the Yuan Dynasty, the Tujia society has implemented the chieftain system for a long period of time. Until the Thirteenth Year of the Yongzheng reign (1735 AD), the Tuzhi system was abolished and was subordinated to the centralized government. Since then, canceled the "haunted