一、内涵——从形式主义批评方法谈起“文学性”是形式主义批评流派的核心概念。“文学性”在这里指的是文学之所以能够成为文学的独特性质,也是文学能够与其他学科区分开来,成为一门独立自主的系统科学的显著标志。雅克布森在他的《诗学问题》中说:“文学科学的对象不是文学,而是‘文学性’,也就是一部作品成为文学作品的东西。”身为俄国形式主义的代表人物之一,雅各布森对有关“文学性”问题进行了系统研究,认为文学批评研究的对象不是单纯的文学作品,而是文学性,是使文学作品被认定为文学作品的审美特性。这一观点成为形式主义的基本批评原则。形式主义对“形式”的界定不同于传统,它将文学作品中的 First, the connotation - Speaking from the formalism criticism method “literary ” is the core concept of formalism criticism school. “Literaryness” refers here to the unique character of literature as a literary being and the distinguishing mark of literature from that of other disciplines and of being an independent and systematic science. In his Poetics Question, Jakobson said: “The object of literary science is not literature, but literaryness, that is, what a work becomes a literary work.” As a representative of Russian formalism, As one of the characters, Jacobson conducts a systematic research on the issue of “literary ”, and holds that the object of literary criticism is not purely literary but literary, which is to make the literary work be recognized as the literary aesthetic characteristic. This view has become the basic principle of criticism of formalism. Formalism defines “form ” differently from tradition, and it will be in literary works