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恶性胸水的发生率近年随着肺癌和其他恶性肿瘤发病率的升高而显著增高;恶性胸水占整个胸腔积液的35％左右。大量恶性胸水反复抽液可导致大量蛋白质丢失,增加感染机会,造成气胸、包裹性积液等并发症。单纯使用肋间导管引流,效果欠佳,且多数患者体质虚弱,不能耐受胸腔引流术。目前多使用胸腔内注射药物方法,可望在2～3次胸腔内注射药物后,控制胸水的产生,提高生活质量,延长生存时间。本文根据自己的临床实践,结合国内外文献报道,将目前所用的药物及方法综述如下。
The incidence of malignant pleural effusion has increased significantly with the increase in the incidence of lung cancer and other malignancies in recent years; malignant pleural effusion accounts for about 35% of the total pleural effusion. Repeated pumping of a large number of malignant pleural effusions can result in the loss of large amounts of protein, increase the chance of infection, and cause complications such as pneumothorax and encapsulated effusions. The use of intercostal catheter drainage alone is ineffective, and most patients are physically weak and cannot tolerate chest drainage. At present, more intrapleural injections of drugs are used. It is expected that after 2-3 intrapleural injections of drugs, the production of pleural effusions will be controlled, life quality will be improved, and survival time will be prolonged. This article according to their own clinical practice, combined with domestic and foreign literature reports, the current use of drugs and methods are summarized below.