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意大利佛罗伦萨的梅迪奇(Medici)和费拉拉的埃斯特(Este)等家族是早期西方音乐重要的音乐赞助者。音乐赞助对音乐发展的推动作用,在历史进程中是西方文化的重要现象。在21世纪的今天,我们越来越感觉文化的繁荣离不开经济基础,音乐活动也离不开经济的支持。回顾西方音乐历史,各时期音乐家的音乐活动和经济的关系是怎么样的呢?在中世纪,音乐家在教堂工作,得到音乐活动的支持并维持生计。到了文艺复兴时期,随着贵族经济的发展,很长一段时间里,贵族对音乐家的雇佣和音乐活动进行赞助,这种现象一直延续到巴罗克时期。古典主义时期,莫扎特、贝多芬虽然都是独立的作曲家,但他们也离不开贵族的支持,很多作品都是委约创作或以题献的形式得到报酬。一直到了浪漫主义时期,许多音乐家的作品都靠出版和演出获得酬劳。在资本主义发达以后,各种各样的商业活动和音乐创作的演出出版相联系。回顾过去贵族对音乐的赞助,可以在西方音乐史的很长一段时间之内看到意大利佛罗伦萨的梅迪奇家族对音乐的影响。
The families of Medici in Florence, Italy and Este in Ferrara are important music sponsors of early Western music. The promotion of music sponsorship to the development of music is an important phenomenon of western culture in the historical process. In the 21st century, we feel more and more that cultural prosperity can not be separated from the economic foundation, and music activities can not be separated from economic support. Looking back at the history of Western music, what is the relationship between the music and music of musicians in each period? In the Middle Ages, musicians worked in churches, supported by musical activities and maintained their livelihoods. By the Renaissance, with the economic development of the aristocracy, for a long time aristocrats sponsored the hiring and music activities of musicians, a phenomenon that continued until the Baroque period. In the period of Classicism, Mozart and Beethoven are independent composers, but they also can not do without the support of aristocrats. Many works are commissioned or paid in the form of sacrifices. Until the romantic period, many musicians are rewarded for their publications and performances. After the development of capitalism, a variety of commercial activities and music production are associated with the publication. Recalling past aristocracy’s sponsorship of music, you can see the influence of the Medici family in Florence, Italy, on music for a long time in the history of Western music.