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基于波动理论,采用时域有限体积法(TDFVM)研究封闭声腔结构-声耦合问题的瞬态响应及固有特性。该方法在结构与流体区域分别求解结构动力学方程与非均匀介质中的声波动方程,根据流固分界面上的力平衡与质点振速连续条件实现结构-声耦合。通过数值算例验证方法的正确性和精确性,在此基础上研究封闭声腔结构与空气耦合的瞬态响应及固有特性,分析水深变化对耦合系统声振特性和固有特性的影响。结果表明,随着水深的增加,结构与水的耦合会更加强烈,导致耦合系统的特征频率降低,同时空气腔深度的减小,导致声腔的部分固有频率增加。该法对计算机内存要求低,且可以考虑含有非均匀流体的结构-声耦合。
Based on the wave theory, the transient response and intrinsic properties of the closed acoustic cavity structure-acoustic coupling problem are studied by the time-domain finite volume method (TDFVM). The method solves the structural dynamic equations and the acoustic wave equations in the inhomogeneous medium respectively in the structure and the fluid region. The structure-acoustic coupling is achieved according to the continuous conditions of force equilibrium and particle velocity at the fluid-solid interface. The correctness and accuracy of the method are verified by numerical examples. Based on this, the transient response and the inherent characteristics of the closed cavity structure and the air coupling are studied, and the influence of the water depth on the acoustic and vibration characteristics and the inherent characteristics of the coupled system is analyzed. The results show that as the water depth increases, the coupling between structure and water will be more intense, leading to the decrease of the characteristic frequency of the coupled system and the decrease of the depth of the air cavity, resulting in the increase of some natural frequencies of the sound cavity. This method requires low computer memory and can consider structure-acoustical coupling with inhomogeneous fluids.