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用超声波显微镜对经多年运用的新干线动车车轴轴承和经疲劳试验的球轴承进行了V（Z）曲线测定。研究了根据残余应力、半值宽度来检测轴承损伤的方法。最后得出了下述结论。（1）通过V（Z）曲线测得的弹性表面波音速变化可以预测因疲劳引起的轴承损伤。（2）如轴承金相组织正常，则其弹性表面波的音速与残余应力和半值宽度具有良好的对应关系；但当发生热变形和金属组织损伤时，不管是否存在残余应力，其弹性表面波音速都下降。
V (Z) curves were measured with ultrasonic microscope on the axle bearings of the Shinkansen used for many years and the ball bearings subjected to fatigue tests. The method of detecting bearing damage based on residual stress and half width is studied. Finally, the following conclusions. (1) The bearing surface damage caused by fatigue can be predicted by the change of surface acoustic velocity measured by the V (Z) curve. (2) If the microstructure of the bearing is normal, the acoustic velocity of the elastic surface wave has a good correspondence with the residual stress and the half-value width; however, when the thermal deformation and the damage of the metal tissue occur, the residual surface stress The speed of the waves has dropped.