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目的:通过调查了解流动人口结构、流动趋势、就业状况及婚育情况,分析流动人口在现居住地工作、生活中存在的问题,并提出对策建议。方法:用调查问卷对流动人口进行调查。结果:流动人口以农村劳动年龄人口为主,文化程度不高。人口流向以乡-城流动为主,流动原因以务工经商为主。未就业人群占23%。过半的流动人口在本地居住3年以上,86%的人有配偶随行,以租住私房为主。在流入地的村/居委会和卫生计生机构获得了较好的健康教育和基本的妇幼、儿童保健服务。结论:乡-城流动是海东市当前人口流动的主要方向,流动范围以省内流动为主。劳动年龄人口中低文化程度比重过高;流动人口主要集中在市区和县城,在流入地住房比较困难;个体工商户和私营企业为主要就业渠道;流入地已较好地承担起向流动人口健康教育和卫生保健服务。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the floating population structure, mobile trends, employment status and marriage and childbirth situation through surveys, to analyze the problems existing in the work and life of the floating population in the current place of residence and to put forward countermeasures and suggestions. Methods: To investigate the floating population with a questionnaire. Results: The floating population is dominated by the working-age population in rural areas, but the education level is not high. Population flow to the township - the main flow, the main reason for migrant workers to do business. Non-employed people accounted for 23%. More than half of the floating population live in Hong Kong for more than three years, while 86% of them have spouses accompanying them, mainly for renting private houses. The village / neighborhood committees and health planning agencies in the inflow areas have obtained better health education and basic maternal and child health services. Conclusion: The township-city flow is the main direction of the current population movement in Haidong City. The flow range is dominated by the flow in the province. The proportion of working-age population with low or medium education level is too high; the floating population is mainly concentrated in the urban area and the county seat, and the housing in the inflow area is more difficult; the individual industrial and commercial households and the private-owned enterprises are the major employment channels; the inflow areas have better assumed the floating population Health education and health care services.