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由于晚期慢性阻塞性肺疾患(肺气肿、慢性支气管炎、慢性哮喘、偶尔的支气管扩张症)虽经治疗、病程仍急遽进展,因此应重视本病的早期发现。进行α_1抗胰蛋白酶缺乏的普查可发现高度危险的人群。其他作者应用新的肺功能试验进行筛选可检出仍可恢复的无症状的早期患者。上述结果提示,气道阻塞在其引起症状以前就可发现,并可鉴别其种类。即使在常用肺功能试验正常时,气道阻塞亦可借最大呼气流速异常减低(特别是在低肺容量时)而发现。结合一次呼吸一氧化碳弥散量减低,提示肺泡-毛细血管表面面积缩小(例如,肺气肿)。在存在气道阻塞时,一氧化碳弥散量正常提示气道本身的疾病。
Due to advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (emphysema, chronic bronchitis, chronic asthma, occasional bronchiectasis) despite treatment, the course of the disease is still rapid progress, it should pay attention to the early detection of the disease. A census of a-1 antitrypsin deficiency can detect a high-risk population. Other authors screening with a new lung function test can detect asymptomatic early patients who are still recoverable. The above results suggest that airway obstruction can be detected before it causes symptoms and its type can be identified. Even with common pulmonary function tests, airway obstruction can be detected by an abnormal decrease in maximum expiratory flow rate (especially at low lung volumes). Combined with a breath of carbon monoxide reduced volume, suggesting alveolar - capillary surface area reduction (for example, emphysema). In the presence of airway obstruction, the normal amount of carbon monoxide suggests an airway disease of its own.