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1977年苏联宪法在苏维埃国家历史上第一次规定,各企业、机构和组织间的经济争议由国家仲裁机关予以解决,国家仲裁机关的组织和活动程序由关于苏联国家仲裁机关的法律加以规定(第163条)。这是党和政府关怀在经济关系方面进一步加强社会主义法制和国家纪律,加强保护企业、机构和组织的财产权利和合法利益的一个新证据。可以毫不夸张地说,宪法第163条标志国家仲裁机关发展的一个新阶段,因为国家仲裁机关已成为宪法性的机关,并且如今行使解决经济争议的宪法性职能。企业将经济争议提交国家仲裁机关以及经济争议的受理,和其他一切重要的仲裁程序问题一样,目前都是由苏联部长会议国家仲裁委员会条例和各加盟共和国国家仲裁机
The Soviet Constitution of 1977 stipulated for the first time in the history of the Soviet state that the economic disputes among various enterprises, institutions and organizations should be settled by the state arbitration organs and the procedures for the organization and activities of the state arbitration organs should be governed by the law on the arbitration organ of the Soviet state ( Article 163). This is a new evidence that the party and the government care for further strengthening the socialist legal system and state discipline in economic relations and strengthening the protection of the property rights and legitimate interests of enterprises, institutions and organizations. It is no exaggeration to say that article 163 of the Constitution marks a new phase in the development of state arbitration institutions as the state arbitration organ has become a constitutional organ and is now exercising its constitutional function of settling economic disputes. The submission of economic disputes by the enterprises to the state arbitration institutions and the acceptance of economic disputes, like all other important arbitration issues, are now handled by the National Arbitration Commission Ordinance of the Soviet Council of Ministers and by the National Arbitration Mines of the Union Republics