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“三北”地区和黄土高原是中国沙棘亚种的分布中心,现已有大面积人工沙棘林,但其果小、刺多,产果量低,采果难。为此,作者于1997~2006年承担水利部“948”沙棘引进项目,以解决该地区沙棘优良品种缺乏问题。通过8年试验研究,引进俄罗斯大果无刺沙棘优良品种、类型40余种,分别在“三北”和黄土高原地区的7个主要试验基地进行引种试验,从中初步筛选出效果较好的9个优良品种、类型。它们生长发育良好,抗性较强,具高产、优质特性,并已开始利用引进的俄罗斯沙棘与当地中国沙棘杂交,培育出第一代杂交种。在引种选育和对俄罗斯沙棘生物生态学特性进行试验研究的基础上,对其良种的集约栽培和繁育做了试验和示范推广工作,产生了良好的生态、经济效益。通过本项目实施,为做好沙棘引种选育工作提供了良种,这对大面积建造高产、优质人工沙棘林和沙棘果园,加速黄土高原和“三北”地区的环境治理、发展地方经济具重要意义。
The “Three Norths” region and the Loess Plateau are the distribution centers of the subspecies of seabuckthorn in China. Now there are large-scale artificial seabuckthorn forests, but the fruits are small, stingy and the fruit yield is low. To this end, the author from 1997 to 2006 to undertake the Ministry of Water Resources “948 ” seabuckthorn introduction project to address the lack of good varieties of seabuckthorn in the region. After eight years of experimental research, the introduction of more than 40 varieties of Russian large-sized Acacia seabuckthorn, respectively, in the “Three North” and the Loess Plateau in seven major experimental bases for the introduction of the test, from which the preliminary screening of better results The 9 fine varieties, types. They are well-developed, highly resistant, with high-yielding, high-quality traits and have begun to breed first-generation hybrids with the introduction of Russian seabuckthorn to local Chinese seabuckthorn. Based on the introduction and breeding and the experimental study on the ecophysiological characteristics of Russian seabuckthorn, experiments and demonstration popularization were conducted on intensive cultivation and breeding of its elite varieties, resulting in good ecological and economic benefits. Through the implementation of this project, it is necessary to provide good seeds for the introduction and breeding of seabuckthorn. This will speed up the environmental harnessing of the Loess Plateau and the “Three North” regions and develop the local economy for large-scale construction of high-yielding and high-quality artificial seabuckthorn forests and sea buckthorn orchards Have important meaning.