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目的通过调查乳腺癌筛查情况,针对性地提出乳腺癌的防治措施。方法通过乳腺癌筛查登记表记录鄂州市妇幼保健院2013-2014年行乳腺癌筛查对象的相关资料,包括年龄、文化程度、家族史等,体检可疑对象行乳腺B超、X线检查,分析筛查对象特点、筛查方式、筛查结果及乳腺癌危险因素。结果筛查人群分布特点:年龄以40~49岁为主,占45.77%;中学学历占57.86%;已婚人员占89.03%;汉族占80.00%。筛查方式:2013-2014年良性乳腺肿瘤44例,乳腺癌13例;X线摄片对BI-RADS分级4级及以上诊断率明显高于B超(P<0.05);各年龄段乳腺癌检出率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。Logistic多因素分析显示,初婚年龄晚、文化程度低、常使用电脑、癌症家族史、流产及引产史为乳腺癌的独立危险因素。结论 X线对乳腺癌检出准确率高于B超,临床建议对可疑人群行X线检查。通过健康宣教提高育龄女性自我管理意识,定期筛查能有效防治乳腺癌发生。
Objective Through the investigation of breast cancer screening, targeted prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Methods Breast cancer screening registration form was used to record the related information of breast cancer screening subjects from 2013 to 2014 in Ezhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, including age, education level and family history. The suspicious subjects underwent breast ultrasound B-scan, X-ray examination, Analysis of screening characteristics, screening methods, screening results and breast cancer risk factors. Results The screening population distribution characteristics: the age of 40 to 49 years old, accounting for 45.77%; secondary education accounted for 57.86%; 89.03% of married persons; Han accounted for 80.00%. Screening method: Forty-four cases of benign breast tumors and 13 cases of breast cancer from 2013 to 2014. The diagnostic rates of grade 4 and above of BI-RADS were significantly higher than those of grade B (all P <0.05) No significant difference in the detection rate (P> 0.05). Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the age at first marriage, low educational level, frequent use of computers, family history of cancer, abortion and induced abortion were independent risk factors for breast cancer. Conclusion The accuracy of X-ray detection of breast cancer is higher than that of B-ultrasound. The clinical suggestion is to perform X-ray examination on suspicious persons. Through health education to raise awareness of women of childbearing age self-management awareness, regular screening can effectively prevent breast cancer.