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为了掌握亚热带森林木本植物的果实特征与其种子扩散策略之间的关系,我们在都江堰般若寺林场10个森林斑块共设置了240个种子雨收集器,对常见木本植物的果实组成、果实特征、结实物候和扩散模式等进行了调查。从2009年4月至2010年12月,共收集到成熟果实10,542颗,分属24科36属42种。物种数和果实数在秋季(9–12月)达到高峰,在物种数量上以壳斗科(17%)、樟科(12%)、蔷薇科(10%)占优势。种子扩散模式以食果鸟类扩散的种类最多(52.4%),其次为啮齿动物贮藏扩散的种类(19.0%)和食果鸟兽共同扩散的种类(16.7%),以风力扩散的种类最少(11.9%)。果实类型以核果(48%)、坚果(17%)和球果(10%)较为常见,而果实颜色以黑色(39%)最为常见,其次是褐色(29%)和红色(21%)。果实直径在10 mm以下的种类较多(64.3%),且以食果鸟类扩散为主;10 mm以上的果实多以风力和啮齿动物来扩散的种类为主。研究结果说明都江堰亚热带常绿阔叶林中,果实高峰出现在秋季(雨季末和旱季早期),且木本植物的果实特征适合相关动物来传播其种子,并成为该区域的主要种子扩散模式。
In order to understand the relationship between the fruit characteristics of subtropical woody plants and their seed dispersal strategies, 240 seed rain collectors were set up in 10 forest patches in the forest of Prajna Temple in Dujiangyan. The fruit composition and fruit of common woody plants Features, phenological patterns and diffusion patterns were investigated. From April 2009 to December 2010, a total of 10,542 mature fruits were collected, belonging to 24 families, 36 genera and 42 species. The number of species and fruit number peaked in autumn (September-December), and dominated by Fagaceae (17%), Lauraceae (12%) and Rosaceae (10%). The pattern of seed dispersal was the largest (52.4%) with the diversities of fruit birds, followed by the rodent species (19.0%) and the fruit and bird species (16.7%), with the least wind dispersion species (11.9% %). Fruit types are more common in drupe (48%), nuts (17%) and cones (10%), while fruit color is most common in black (39%) followed by brown (29%) and red (21%). Fruits were more than 10 mm in diameter (64.3%), mainly fruit bird birds; fruit more than 10 mm was mostly wind and rodent. The results showed that in the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in Dujiangyan, the peak of fruit appeared in the autumn (late rainy season and early dry season), and the fruit characteristics of woody plants were suitable for the animals to spread their seeds and became the main seed-spreading pattern in this area.