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High throughput cloning and expression of large sets of genomic ORFs has become a preferred industrial strategy for genome-wide searches of new vaccine candidates.For invasive infections in particular,the aim is to find proteins eliciting antibodies capable of binding to the bacterial cell surface and,through interaction with the complement system,effectively kill the bacteria.However,current data accumulating from reverse vaccinology studies (targeting of possible vaccine candidates starting from genomic information) shows that only a small fraction of surface-exposed proteins appears to elicit antibodies with bactericidal activity.