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Background and aim Serum uric acid is strongly associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance in patients.However, whether this association is causally or coincidentally with NAFLD and insulin resistance remains uncertain, neither the mechanisms behind this association are unclear so far.Methods We first analyzed the impact of uric acid on development of hepatic steatosis in mice and two cell models (HepG2 and HL7702), and then explored the effect of uric acid on insulin signaling in HepG2 and HL7702 cells.Further, we studied the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in regulation of hepatic steatosis and insulin signaling.