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AIM Anacyclus pyrethrum is considered as a sexual tonic in ayurvedic system of medicine with potent antioxidant and adaptogenic properties.The ethanolic extract of the herb was evaluated for its effectiveness against streptozotocin induced hyperglycemic stress and subsequent sexual dysfunction due to hyperglycemia in male rats.METHODS Five groups with eight male rats in each group were used for the present study and the study was carried out for 28 d.The body and organ weights of the animals were recorded.Behavioral analysis of rats was undertaken to observe the effect on mount, ejaculation and intromission (latencies and frequencies).Blood glucose and serum testosterone levels were determined after 28 d of treatment with Anacyclus pyrethrum at 50, 100 and 150 mg·kg-1 doses.This deleterious effect of sustained hyperglycemia and associated stress was significantly ameliorated in animals treated with ethanolie extract of Anacyclus pyrethrum.RESULTS The Anacyclus pyrethrum treatment was helpful in ameliorating the damage of sustained hyperglycemia evidenced in the principle parameters viz.male sexual behavior, sperm count, penile erection index and seminal fructose content.Antioxidant and anabolic activities of the extract under investigation could be a major attribute in preserving the sexual functions in hyperglycemic male rats.CONCLUSION The study validates the use of Anacyclus pyrethrum in traditional medicine for curing diabetes induced sexual dysfunction and compromised sexual potency.