小麦TaEDS1基因的克隆和在白粉病抗性中的功能研究

来源 :中国遗传学会第九次全国会员代表大会暨学术研讨会 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:wangchaofmm
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小麦是一种重要的粮食作物,但每年感染白粉病比较严重,时常造成大面积的减产.抗白粉病基因的克隆对于植物抗白粉病分子机制的研究和小麦抗病育种具有十分重要的意义.EDS1蛋白是植物中广泛抵御病原体感染的一种重要蛋白质,并在拟南芥和其他多种双子叶植物中证明具有抗霜霉病、白粉病、细菌假单胞杆菌、黑霉病、病毒和干旱胁迫,冷胁迫等一系列生物和非生物胁迫等功能.但该基因在单子叶植物中的功能还未见报道.本论文通过同源克隆的方法克隆到小麦中的三个EDS1基因,并通过中国春缺体四体系将其定位在第五同源群上,分别命名为TaEDS1-5A,-5Band-5D.通过测定其在根、茎、叶、幼穗中的表达量可以看出在四种组织中均有表达,但在叶中的表达量显著高于其他三种组织。亚细胞定位表明该基因同时位于细胞质和细胞核中。为了进一步验证该基因的功能利用VIGS的方法对该基因进行了沉默,发现同时沉默三个基因后减弱了小麦对白粉病菌E18的抗性,菌丝指数与对照相比显著升高,叶片表面有明显的白粉抱子形成。在感病品种chancellor中利用单细胞瞬时表达的方法对三个基因分别进行了过表达,结果发现吸器指数由原来的63.92%分别降低到41.30%,34.26%和42.60%。综合以上的研究结果可以看出该基因在小麦抗白粉病的过程中发挥了重要的功能,这对于深入理解小麦抗白粉病的分子生物学机理和培育抗白粉病的小麦品种提供了重要的理论依据。
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