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The IL23R gene on chromosome 1p31 encodes a subunit of the receptor for the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin23.Recently, IL23R could be identified as a novel inflammatory bowel disease susceptibility gene.The exchange of arginine with glutamine at position 381 of IL23R causes a blockade of the IL-23 signaling pathway which is associated with a reduced risk of both Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis.IL-23 is a pivotal cytokine in the differentiation of T cells into inflammatory, IL-17-producing T ceils.