Objective Repetitive hospitalization is a clinical feature for most mental illness,including schizophrenia.While patients with multiple hospitalizations for schizophrenia have been found to differ from those with fewer,it remains unclear whether differences exist in illness awareness or therapeutic compliance.In this study,we recruited schizophrenic inpatients in a large psychiatric hospital in south China to examine the differences of clinical symptom,insight and treatment compliance between first and multiple hospitalized schizophrenic patients.