财政赤字与国家公债是一个国家宏观经济运行中极其重要而又关系最为密切的两大问题。研究这两个问题,不仅对认识西方国家经济现实,而且对认识我国目前以及今后宏观经济形势的一些问题都有很大意义。一西方有关理论的回顾在财政赤字与国家公债的利弊得失问题上,西方主流经济学观点在19世纪与20世纪 The fiscal deficit and the national debt are the two most important and closely related issues in a country’s macroeconomic operation. Studying these two issues is of great significance not only for understanding the economic realities of the western countries, but also for understanding some issues concerning our country’s present and future macroeconomic situations. A review of the Western theory In the fiscal deficit and the advantages and disadvantages of national debt gains and losses on the mainstream Western economics point of view in the 19th century and the 20th century