Hemocyte apoptosis induced by nucleopolyhedrovirus infection and/or parasitism by Microplitis pallid

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  We determined the effects of joint and separate parasitism by the endoparasitoid Microplitis pallidipes Szepligeti(Hymenoptera: Braconidae)and nucleopolyhedrovirus(NPV)infection on hemocyte apoptosis of the larvae of the host,Spodoptera exigua.Compared to healthy larvae(control)with very low hemocyte apoptosis(0.90%~1.61%),parasitized larvae,virus-infected larvae and parasitized larvae infected with virus,had significantly lower hemocyte apoptosis during the 48-h observation time.
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