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Epigenetics refers to heritable changes that modify DNA or associated proteins without changing the DNA sequence itself.The epigenome is a dynamic entity influenced by predetermined genetic programs and external environmental cues.Epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs, DNA methylation modification in the genes promoter region (5 end of the gene) and microRNA(miRNA) regulation at the 3 untranslated region (3-UTRs) are important in the regulation of gene expression in most eukaryotes.