For hazardous wastes,a combined method to reduce toxicity and protocol to assess risks to human is required for disposal or recycling.However,most treatment technologies have been developed to reduce toxicity from hazardous wastes,and further evaluation to validate risk levels have not been inclusively considered during and after the treatment processes.In this study,a treatment technology and a risk assessment tool for a hazardous waste were combined to evaluate how much the risk level was reduced after the treatment.